May to November is the flood season of Taiwan. After the end of monsoon rain season in late May, occasional torrential rains brought by typhoons or southwester monsoon are considerable challenges for the drainage facilities of Taiwan. Although the monsoon rains and typhoons are the major sources of rainfall in Taiwan, persistent heavy rainfall often triggers landslides, debris flows, collapse of flood control facilities, and other major disasters, seriously threaten the safety and property of the people.
Taiwan is often attacked by typhoons in summer and autumn. For flood control and prevention, in addition to relevant engineering and policy-making improvements, non-engineering measures must be taken to reduce flood damage. It becomes increasingly important to establish an integrated flood forecasting system able to provide real-time hydrological and meteorological forecast data, as Taiwan is on the path of the typhoon in the western Pacific area. Regarding hydrological monitoring, accurate judgments and interpretations of water level changes at various water level stations require the use of “water level identification” technology.